Developers

Meet your match. Finally, there’s a design space where you can build and deploy private apps and realize any ambition.

Enter Aztec

Finally,
the Full Stack

( 01 )

Incredibly Simple Privacy Controls

Easily program privacy or transparency—at any layer: user, data, metadata, transaction, or logic. With Aztec, public and private functions seamlessly interweave in a single smart contract. Aztec handles public and private state for you.

( 02 )

Total Privacy, from End-to-End

Build apps with private accounts, data, transactions, and function execution with Aztec’s client-side proofs. Private functions are executed on the user’s device, so sensitive data stays where it belongs and zero-knowledge proofs of that data are sent to the network.  

( 03 )

Native Account Abstraction

Aztec makes every account a smart contract. This unlocks flexible, programmable identities—with features like gas sponsorship, custom nonce control, and alternative signature schemes—like passkeys.

( 04 )

Local Developer Environment

Builders can utilize the Aztec Sandbox—a local network pre-packaged with built-in accounts, tokens, and a node—to streamline testing and development.

( 05 )

Powerful Tools, Familiar Workflows

Aztec comes fully loaded with tools to enhance your experience—including CLI utilities to compile, deploy, interact with projects, and run benchmarks. It also comes with Noir IDE extensions for code completion and syntax highlighting.

( 06 )

Permissionless Ecosystem

Join an ambitious, growing community of frontline builders shipping and scaling everything from L1 compliance bridges to cross-chain integrations, core primitives, full apps and more.

Tools and Libraries
Your tools are
ready and waiting

All You Have
to Do Is Build

Start in
the S
andbox

Build fast. Break nothing. Explore your new powers in the Aztec Sandbox.

Go To Docs
Hybrid Transaction Lifecycle

Inside a
Transaction

Travel alongside a hybrid transaction and discover how Aztec efficiently processes both public and private functions—making Aztec the ideal blockchain for building and deploying private apps.

User

User opens app and is prompted to sign into browser-based wallet
1

Dev

Hybrid Contract
Private Functions
Sensitive data stays on the user’s device
2A: Private Client-Side
Public Functions
Public functions live on Aztec network and are executed per request
2B: Public
Aztec Wallet & PXE
App connects user’s wallet and private execution environment (PXE) to execute functions client-side
Hybrid Transaction
Output
Private Proof
Hash of changes to private state
3A
Output
Public Txn Request
Request to execute public transaction
3B

Aztec Network

Decentralized
Sequencer Network
Verifies private transaction proofs and updates private state
4A
Retrieves and executes public functions and updates public state
4B
Private State
UTXO model
5A
Public State
Account based model
5B
Output
Proposed Block
Validated by sequencers
6

L1 Ethereum

Input
Proposed Block
Validated by sequencers
7
Pending Chain
Receives proposed block from Aztec Sequencer

Aztec Network

Decentralized Proving
Anyone can prove the proposed block
8
Output
ZK Proof
Zero-knowledge proof of 32-block epoch
9

L1 Ethereum

The Aztec block is settled on Ethereum—allowing anyone to verify the state of the network.
Finalized Block
ZK Proof
Zero-knowledge proof of 32-block epoch
10
Bleeding-edge

Research

###

White Papers

Published from 2018 to 2024
###

Citations

In Peer Review Journals
###

Monumental Contributions

PLONK Cryptography, Noir DSL and Aztec Network
FAQs
What is Aztec and why build on a privacy-first Layer 2?

Aztec is a fully decentralized, privacy-preserving Layer 2 blockchain on Ethereum. It combines the benefits of a decentralized blockchain with end-to-end programmable privacy. Developers can build apps where users choose what’s public and what’s private — from balances to function execution — all secured by Ethereum’s settlement layer.

How does Aztec compare to other L2 blockchains for builders?

Unlike other Layer 2 blockchains, Aztec was designed from the ground up for privacy. Builders can build private apps without needing cryptographic expertise, thanks to Noir (Aztec’s zk programming language). Aztec utilizes novel client-side zero-knowledge proofs to process private data on the user’s device, so developers can choose to keep data, function execution, and account balances private.

What programming language do I use to build projects on Aztec?

Aztec developers write smart contracts using aztec.nr, a framework for Noir. Noir allows you to easily mix public and private functions in your smart contracts, so you can decide whether a variable or function is public (pub) or private by default. This makes it straightforward to build private apps on Ethereum without worrying about low-level circuits.

What are Aztec smart contracts and how are they different?

An Aztec smart contract is a set of public and private functions. Private functions execute locally on the user’s device, generating proofs that are verified on-chain. Public functions execute like standard L2 contracts. Together, they enable building projects on a privacy-first L2 where both private and public states can coexist.

How do private apps on Aztec work?

Private apps on Aztec leverage client-side proof generation. Sensitive data — like user addresses, balances, or function calls — never leaves the user’s device. Instead, a ZK proof is sent to the network for verification. This ensures maximum privacy on Ethereum while still enabling trustless interactions.

How does Aztec’s zk rollup design benefit developers?

Aztec is a zk rollup on Ethereum, meaning it inherits Ethereum’s security while offering end-to-end programmable privacy. Provers generate rollup proofs for batches of transactions (“epochs”) and submit them to Ethereum. Developers benefit from seamlessly woven-together private and public state trees for full programmable privacy, and the strongest ZK rollup security model available with thousands of sequencers powering the network.

What tools are available for developers building on Aztec?

Developers on Aztec have a full toolkit at their disposal. With Noir and Nargo, they can write, compile, and test zk programs. Aztec.nr provides a library for building smart contracts that include both public and private functions, while Aztec.js offers a client-side library for dapps similar to ethers.js. To complete the workflow, the Developer Sandbox allows developers to run a local Aztec node and test their applications before deploying.

What kinds of private applications can I build on Aztec?

Examples of the best private apps on Aztec include private voting systems that preserve voter anonymity while still providing public tallies, confidential DeFi protocols where balances and strategies remain hidden, privacy-preserving identity and access systems, and secure messaging or data-sharing applications. Aztec is the best privacy Layer 2 for builders who want both confidentiality and composability.

How does decentralization work for Aztec developers?

Aztec is decentralized across three pillars: sequencing, where anyone can run a sequencer to order transactions; proving, where anyone can operate a prover node to generate zk proofs; and governance, where anyone can propose and vote on protocol upgrades. This structure ensures that no central party can control the applications built on Aztec, making it a resilient and future-proof privacy Layer 2.